Image formation mirrors and lenses this is chapter 18 of adventures in physics, available only online. The convex mirror on the right forms a virtual image which is not in. In case of convex mirror, parallel rays are diverged. Nature of images in a convex mirror and its applications.
Image formation by a concave mirror for different positions of the object is shown below in the table concave mirrors are used as shaving mirrors, reflectors in car headlights, hand torch and table lamps. Image formation by spherical mirror definition, examples. Various terms associated with spherical mirrors spherical mirror. If the object placed at the center of the mirror, image is also formed at center, real, inverted and with the same size as object. Image formation by a plane mirror there are two other ray pairs in figure 4 that illustrate the same behavior. This document is highly rated by class 10 students and has been viewed 3658 times. Uses of convex mirror image formation on a convex mirror. Calculate the image position of a cologne bottle placed in front of the mirror at a distance of 93 cm. Determine whether ray tracing, the mirror equation, or both are required. Flat mirrors spherical mirrors images formed by refraction thin.
This video is highly rated by class 7 students and has been viewed 1256 times. A curved mirror formed by a part of a hollow glass sphere with a reflecting surface created by depositing silver metal is also referred to as a spherical mirror. Exploring concave mirror images the pdf file below accompanies the concave mirror image formation interactive. An object a b is kept in front of a concave mirror as shown in the figure. Convex mirror has two ray diagrams because its principal focus and the centre of curvature lies behind its reflecting surface. Describe the relationship between collimated light and the focal points of convex and concave mirrors. Apr 15, 2020 understanding concave mirror and image formation by it class 7 video edurev is made by best teachers of class 7. A mirror is a surface which reflects a clear image. This converging point is the focus of the concave mirror. We look at the image formation by these spherical lenses using ray diagrams. From mirror formula, we find that for a mirror of a fixed focal length f, as object distance u changes, image distance n also changes. Large concave mirrors are used in field of solar energy to focus sun rays on objects to be heated. The image formed by a concave mirror varies in size depending on the position of the object with respect to the mirror.
Therefore, not more than two positions of the object can be obtained in relation to these points unlike concave mirrors where more than two ray diagrams are constructed to find out the position of the image for different relative positions of the object. Spoon here acts as a concave mirror and the image is inverted. The formation of images by a plane mirror conceptual example. The focal length f, which is positive for concave mirrors and negative for convex. The physics classroom grants teachers and other users the right to print this pdf document and to download this pdf document for private use.
When parallel rays could be from a distant object incident on a concave mirror, the reflected. The convex mirror in figure 3 has a focal length of f. Question 4 write the applications of concave mirror. When an object is placed at infinity, the real image is formed at the focus. Therefore different types of images are formed when the object is placed 1. Use raytracing techniques to locate the images formed. There are six possibilities of the position of object in the case of concave mirror. Sign convention for lens is similar to that of spherical mirror. Draw ray diagrams showing the image formation by a convex mirror when an object is placed a at infinity.
Explain with ray diagrams the formation of an image using spherical mirrors. Spherical mirrors image formation by concave mirrors there are two alternative methods of locating the image formed by a concave mirror. Explain formation of different types of images by a concave mirror with the help of diagrams. The images formed by a convex mirror is always virtual, upright and diminished. While clicking on the concave mirror button, a concave mirror, object and its image will be displayed in the window. Image formation by concave mirrors richard fitzpatrick. In order for a real object to create a real, inverted enlarged image, a we must use a concave mirror.
Object between infinity and centre of curvature c object at centre of curvature c object between centre of curvature c and principal focus f. Understanding concave mirror and image formation by it. First make sure that image formation by a spherical mirror is involved. When an object is placed behind the center of curvature, the real image is formed between the center of curvature and focus. Only consider rays making a small angle with the principal axis. Concave mirrors and convex mirrors image formation, ray. Pdf the properties of real and virtual images formed by lenses and mirrors are. A convex mirror can only produce a virtual image since all reflected rays will diverge. The following table illustrates the image formed by a concave mirror for different positions of the given object. There is a definite relationship between the image characteristics and the location where an object is placed in front of a concave mirror. Images formed by concave mirror using ray diagram class. Image formation by mirrors and lenses chapter outline 26.
In general, the image formed by a convex mirror is upright, virtual, and smaller. Image formation by spherical mirror in different cases introduction. Concave and convex lenses image formation curvature. Determine focal length and magnification given radius of. Image formed by concave mirror object at infinity a point object lying on. Pdf optical images due to lenses and mirrors researchgate. A sketch is very useful even if ray tracing is not specifically required by the problem. Also, we all know that virtual image formation in a concave mirror will be always erect. The first is purely graphical, and the second uses simple algebraic analysis. Use a carefully drawn ray diagram to describe the image produced by a concave mirror with focal length of f 20 cm when an. The image formation of a point source is either real, virtual or mixed according to the position of the source with respect to the mirror. Where an object should be placed in front of the concave mirror so as to obtain a. Draw ray diagrams showing the image formation by a concave lens when an object is placed a at the focus of the lens b between focus and twice the focal length of the lens c beyond twice the focal length of the lens 34. The formation of images by spherical mirrors when an object is placed between the focal point f and a concave mirror, the image is virtual, upright, and magnified as in the case of images from flat mirrors, a virtual image is one from which light appears to be emanating but through which light does not pass, e.
We wish to describe the characteristics of the image for any given object location. The image formed by the spherical mirror can be either real or virtual. Image 2 is a single reflection image from mirror 2. The image can be real or virtual, erect or inverted and magnified, diminished or of the same size as that of the object, all depending on the position of the object. Different types of images can be formed by a concave mirror by changing the position of the object from the concave mirror.
Image formation by concave image formation by convex mirrors the definitions of the principal axis, centre of curvature, radius of curvature, and the vertex, of a convex mirror are analogous to the corresponding definitions for a concave mirror. For this reason a concave mirror is also known as a converging mirror. Light ray rules for convex lens and concave lens are discussed. In the second image you see a second concave mirror with a hole in its center sitting on top of the first one. A compound lens system formed by two converging lenses, each. From p, the distance in the direction of incident ray, the measurement is taken positive. Large concave mirrors are used to concentrate sunlight to produce maximum heat in the solar furnaces. Image formation by concave and convex mirror class 10. From p, the distance opposite to incidence ray is measured in negative. Therefore, it covers are a larger field of view compared to a plane or concave mirror. Multiple reflections a person is sitting in front of two mirrors that intersect at a right angle.
Question 5 where should an object be placed in front of a concave mirror so as to obtain image between f and c. If the ratio of the diameter of the mirror to its radius is at least 2. Concave mirror is also used by dentists, to see the large images of the teeth of patients. For a real object very far away from the mirror, the real image is formed at the focus. An investigation of student understanding of the real image formed by a converging lens or concave mirror. Curvedspherical mirror a curved mirror is a mirror with a curved reflecting surface. An image of the push pin and part of the lower mirror is formed by the two mirrors. Can we see a real image with our naked eye without using a screen to capture image. Formation of image depends upon the position of the object. Hence everything appears smaller, and it covers a wider view.
The size of the image is much smaller as compared to that of the object. The author presents an elementary theory of image formation by a concave spherical mirror, elaborated for arbitrary angles of incidence and wide beams of rays. Lets start drawing images of the objects located in different parts of the mirror. When parallel rays could be from a distant object incident on a concave mirror, the reflected rays converge to a focal point f, hence also called converging. The focal length f of a concave mirror is positive, since it is a converging mirror. The purpose of this lesson is to summarize these objectimage relationships to practice the lost art of image description. Image formation by a convex mirror if the mirror is convex, so that r is negative, the resulting image is virtual that is, the image point is on the opposite side of. Concave mirror convex mirror image formation by concave mirror concave mirror ray diagram image formation by convex mirror.
When parallel rays of light strike the mirror, they are reflected so that they converge to a point. Concave mirrors and convex mirrors image formation, ray diagram. Apr 11, 2020 image formation by concave and convex mirror class 10 notes edurev is made by best teachers of class 10. A concave shaving mirror has a focal length of 33 cm. For the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. This is shown in slide 25 user can change the position of the object along the principal axis of the concave mirror by clicking the bottom of the object and. Pdf an investigation of student understanding of the real image. For a real object close to the mirror but outside of the center of curvature, the real image is formed between c and f. Signs are taken left of the optical centre as negative, right of the optical centre as positive, above of the principal axis as positive and below. This one factor allows a very large usage of convex mirrors.
There are two alternative methods of locating the image formed by a concave mirror. Image formation in concave mirrors while drawing images of the object we benefits from the special rays given above. Image 1 is a single reflection image from mirror 1. The graphical method described above is fine for developing an intuitive understanding of image formation by concave mirrors, or for checking a calculation, but is a bit too cumbersome for everyday use. Question 6 where should an object be placed in front of a concave mirror so as to obtain image beyond c. Light image formation by concave lens class 10 science ncert. The analytic method described below is far more flexible.
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